氨水吸收式制冷装置是一种可以有效利用余热制取0℃以下低温的制冷系统，且氨作为一种天然工质，有很好的环保特性，但氨-水的标准沸点相差133.4℃，在较低蒸发温度的要求下需加精馏装置。介绍了目前传统分离单元传质性能的研究进展，强调了加强精馏器传质性能的必要性，提出采用能提供更大传质比表面积的膜接触器提高传质性能与效率，为改进氨水精馏塔的设计提供参考。

The ammonia-water absorption chillers are thermally driven devices producing a cooling effect. The ammonia-water mixture is environmentally friendly, which is the only working pair currently used for refrigeration purposes in absorption systems. One of the key properties of the mixture to take into account is that the vapour pressure of water is not negligible compared to the vapour pressure of ammonia in the generation process. The water carried over from the generator reaches the evaporator where it tends to accumulate. The significance increases as the evaporation temperature decreases. The intimate contact between the vapour and liquid is established by means of plates or by using different types of packing. In order to improve the design of ammonia, the membrance structured packing is provided to improve the performance and efficiency of distillation process.

[1]. Gabelman A, Hwang S T. Hollow fiber membrane contactors [J].Journal of Membrane Science,1999,159(1-2):61-106.
[2]. Bogart MJP. Pitfalls in ammonia absorption refrigeration. Int J Refrig 1982,5:203-208.
[3]. 何树青,吴铁晖,吴裕远等.新型无溶液泵氨水吸收式制冷空调系统及其性能分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2007,41(9):1062-1065.
[4]. Jose F, Jaime S. The importance of the ammonia purification processes in ammonia-water absorption systems[J]. Energy conversion  & management, 2006(47):1975-1987.
[5]. 吴业正,韩宝琦.制冷原理及设备[M]. 西安:西安交通大学出版社,2000:122
[6]. 高田秋一.吸收式制冷机[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,1985:201
[7]. Jaime Sieres, José Fernández-Seara. Calculation procedure to determine average mass transfer coefficients in packed columns from experimental datafor ammonia–water absorption refrigeration systems[J]. Heat Mass Transfer,2008 (44):1229-1239.
[8]. Jaime Sieres, José Fernández-Seara. Experimental investigation of mass transfer performance with some random packings for ammonia rectification in ammonia-water absorption refrigeration systems[J]. Int J Therm Sci 2007(46): 699-706.
[9].  Jaime Sieres, José Fernández-Seara. Mass transfer characteristics of a structured packing for ammonia rectification in ammonia-water absorption refrigeration systems[J]. Int J Refrig, 2007(30): 58-67.
[10].  José Fernández-Seara, Jaime Sieres, Manuel Vázquez. Heat and mass transfer analysis of a helical coil rectifier in an ammonia-water absorption system[J]. Int J Therm Sci, 2003(42) :783-794.
[11]. Jaime Sieres, José Fernández-Seara, Francisco J.Uhía. Experimental analysis of ammonia-water rectification in absorption systems with the 10mm metal Pall ring packing[J]. Int J Refrig, 2008(31) :270-278.
[12]. 杨祖荣.化工原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社:2009:369.
[13]. 孙海敏, 刘飞妮, 张国亮等.环境化工中的气/液膜接触分离过程及其特性[J].化工进展.2008,27(6):861-866.
[14]. 孙文哲,邓申江,曹巍等.新型膜蒸馏传质回热的吸收式制冷循环[J].化工学报.2008,12(59) :134-138.
[15]. Zongli Xie, Tuan Duong, Manh Hoang, et al. Ammonia removal by sweep gas membrane distillation[J]. water research, 2009(43):1693-1699.
[16]. M.S. EL-Bourawi, M. Khayet, R. Ma, et al. Application of vacuum membrane distillation for ammonia removal[J]. Journal of Membrane Science 2007(301): 200-209.
[17]. Zhang G, Cussler E L. Hollow fibers as structured distillation packing[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,2003,215(1-2):185-193.
[18]. Zhang G, Cussler E L. Distillation in hollow fibers[J]. AIChE Journal,2003,49(9) :2344-2351.
[19]. Zhang G, Lin L, Meng Q, et al. Separation of Alcohol Water Solutions by Distillation through Hollow Fibers[J]. Industrial Engineering and Chemical Research,2007,46(23):7820-7825.
[20]. 林兰,张国亮,孟琴等. 新型中空纤维膜接触器用于乙醇/水体系分离的探索[J].化工学报,2007,58(11):2822-2827.
[21]. Jaime S, Jose F. Modeling of simultaneous heat and mass transfer processes in ammonia-water absorption systems from general correlations[J]. Heat Mass Transfer, 2007(44):113-123.
[22]. 孙海敏,张国亮,刘飞妮等.对中空纤维膜接触器空间结构的分析与探讨[J].膜科学与技术,2008,28(4):53-58.
[23]. 王楠,丁忠伟,刘丽英等.膜孔径分布对直接接触式膜蒸馏传质速率的影响[J].北京化工大学学报,2005,32(2):9-13.
[24]. 任丹萍,段谟华,张国亮等.填充密度对新型中空纤维膜接触器分离性能和传质的影响[J].化学反应过程与工艺,2009,25(2):184-187.
[25]. 张秀莉,张泽廷.膜接触器传质性能研究现状和进展[J].化工进展,2005,24(3):251-255.
[26]. 徐士鸣.NH3/H2O溶液热力参数表达式的推导与程序编制[J].流体机械,1995,23(2):55-59.
[27]. 郑丹星,武向红,陈斌等.描述氨水体系VLE行为适宜热力学模型的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2001,22(4):401-404.
[28]. Qi Yun, Zheng Danxing. Vapor-liquid Equilibrium Model of Ammonia-water System. Acta Scientiarom Naturalium Universitais Sunyatseni,2003,6(42):25-27.