本文选用两种分子量的聚醚砜(PES)为膜材料，以N-甲基吡咯烷酮为溶剂，分别以聚乙二醇(PEG400、PEG6000)和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP K30)为添加剂，用非溶剂致相分离法制备了超滤膜，系统地研究了添加剂种类及浓度对不同分子量PES超滤膜性能的影响，利用相图及铸膜液粘度数据，从热力学、动力学、聚合物聚集体大小角度对实验现象进行了解释。结果表明，同种添加剂时，随PES分子量增大制得超滤膜的过滤通量增大、截留率降低。不同添加剂时，PES超滤膜的介质通量按添加剂为PEG400，PEG6000，PVP K30的顺序依次增大。添加剂为PVP K30、PEG400时PES超滤膜的截留率大于添加剂为PEG6000时PES超滤膜截留率。铸膜液配方相同，添加剂浓度增大时，制得超滤膜的厚度增大，过滤通量增大、截留率降低。

 Polyethersulfone(PES) with two kinds of molecular weights were chosen to prepare ultrafiltration membranes by the nonsolvent induced phase separation method using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent and polyethyleneglycol(PEG400, 6000), polyvinylpyrrolidone K30(PVP K30) as additives in the study. The effects of additive species and concentrations on performance of ultrafiltration membranes with different PES molecular weights were systematically investigated. Based on the ternary phase diagram and cast solution viscosity data, the experimental phenomena were explained from the perspectives of thermodynamics, dynamics and polymer aggregate dimensions. It was found that increasing PES molecular weight would lead to higher permeability and lower rejection with the same additive. Solute fluxes of membranes increase in the order: PEG400<PEG6000<PVP K30. Solute rejections of membranes with PVP K30 and PEG400 were higher than the membrane with PEG6000. With the same cast solution composition, increasing additive concentration would increase the thickness of membranes and lead to higher permeability and lower rejection.

[1]Bégoin L, Rabiller-Baudry M, Chaufer B, et al. Methodology of analysis of a spiral-wound module. Application to PES membrane for ultrafiltration of skimmed milk. [J]. Desalination, 2006, 192(1-3):40-53.
[2]Borneman Z, Gökmen V, Nijhuis H H. Selective removal of polyphenols and brown colour in apple juices using PES/PVP membranes in a single ultrafiltration process. [J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2001, 22-23:53-61.
[3]Rabiller-Baudry M, Bégoin L, Delaunay D, et al. A dual approach of membrane cleaning based on physico-chemistry and hydrodynamics: Application to PES membrane of dairy industry. [J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 2008, 47(3):267-275.
[4]Rahimpour A, Madaeni S S. Polyethersulfone (PES)/cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) blend ultrafiltration membranes: Preparation, morphology, performance and antifouling properties. [J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2007, 305(1-2):299-312.
[5]Miyano T, Matsuurat T, Sourirajans S. Effect of polymer molecular weight, solvent and casting solution composition on the pore size and the pore size distribution of polyethersulfone(victrex) membrane. [J]. Chemical Engineering Communications, 1990, 95:11-26.
[6]赵岳轩. 聚醚砜-溶剂体系膜性能的研究. [J]. 化工时刊, 2005, 19(4):16-17.
[7]Bil'dyukevich A V, Semenkevich N G, Pratsenko S A. Effect of polyethersulfone molecular weigth upon membrane transport characteristics. [J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2007, 2:74-79.
[8]Zhou C, Hou Z C, Lu X F, et al. Effect of polyethersulfone molecular weight on structure and performance of ultrafiltration membranes. [J]. Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research, 2010, 49: 9988-9997..
[9]李磊, 孙伟娜, 陈翠仙. 高分子添加剂PVPK30对酚酞基聚芳醚砜超滤膜成膜性能的影响. [J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2008, 24(7):59-62.
[10]孙俊芬, 王庆瑞. 添加剂PVP对聚醚砜超滤膜微结构和性能的影响. [J]. 膜科学与技术, 2003, 23(3):1-4.
[11]刘强, 孟范平, 姚瑞华, 张爱静. 添加剂聚乙二醇对壳聚糖超滤膜结构和性能的影响. [J]. 膜科学与技术, 2010, 30(1):24-29.
[12]Barzin J, Madaeni S S, Mirzadeh H, et al. Effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone on morphology and performance of hemodialysis membranes prepared from polyether sulfone. [J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2004, 92(6):3804-3813.

[13]Torrestiana-Sanchez B, Ortiz-Basurto R I,Brito-De La Fuente E. Effect of nonsolvents on properties of spinning solutions and polyethersulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes. [J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 1999, 152(1):19-28.
[14]Chaturvedi B K, Ghosh A K, Ramachandhran V, et al. Preparation, characterization and performance of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes. [J]. Desalination, 2001, 133(1):31-40.