国内外海水淡化技术、产能、用途综述
作者： （1、中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院，山东青岛，266100） （2、自然资源部天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所，天津，300192）
单位： （1、中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院，山东青岛，266100） （2、自然资源部天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所，天津，300192）
关键词： 海水淡化；反渗透；多效蒸馏；多级闪蒸
DOI号：
分类号： X832
出版年,卷(期):页码： 2021, 41(4):170-176

摘要：

水资源短缺是一个全球性问题，随着社会经济发展和人口增长这一问题在未来会进一步加剧。海水淡化作为一种水资源开源增量手段，已经成为很多国家和地区解决水资源危机的重要手段。到2018年，全球海水淡化产能为6.2×107 m3·d-1，采用的技术主要是RO、MSF、MED，分别占全球总产能的54%、 31%和10%，淡化厂数量的71%、11%和14%，其中MSF和MED技术主要分布在中东和北非地区，其他地区以RO技术为主。我国已建成海水淡化工程 141 个，总产能 1.2×106 m3·d-1 ，其中RO和MED分别占总产能的68.70%和30.72%。从各种海水淡化技术的应用趋势上看，我国与国际海水淡化产业情况接近。从用户类型上，国际上海水淡化水主要用于市政饮用，而我国海水淡化水主要用于工业领域。

 Water scarcity has been one of the global concerns. Increasing economy and population are exacerbating water scarcity in most world regions. Seawater desalination, as an approach to increase water resources, has play a key role in narrowing water supply and demand gap in many countries. By 2018，seawater desalination plants globally produced 6.2×107 m3 freshwater per day, of which 54% was from RO plants, 31% from MSF plants and 10% from MED plants. The number of plants shared by RO, MSF and MED technology was 71%, 11% and 14%, namely. There are 141 seawater desalination plants in China producing 1.2×106 m3 freshwater per day. RO and MED dominate the capacity with a share of 68.7% and 30.72%. The tendency of technologies application globally and domestic was similar.

基金项目：
国家自然科学基金-山东省政府联合基金重点项目（U1806210，U1806212）

作者简介：

 Water scarcity has been one of the global concerns. Increasing economy and population are exacerbating water scarcity in most world regions. Seawater desalination, as an approach to increase water resources, has play a key role in narrowing water supply and demand gap in many countries. By 2018，seawater desalination plants globally produced 6.2×107 m3 freshwater per day, of which 54% was from RO plants, 31% from MSF plants and 10% from MED plants. The number of plants shared by RO, MSF and MED technology was 71%, 11% and 14%, namely. There are 141 seawater desalination plants in China producing 1.2×106 m3 freshwater per day. RO and MED dominate the capacity with a share of 68.7% and 30.72%. The tendency of technologies application globally and domestic was similar.

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