含吲哚的聚芳基哌啶阴离子交换膜的制备及性能研究

 
作者： 刘治灼， 刘萤诺， 徐晶美*, 王哲*
单位： 长春工业大学 化学工程学院，   长春 130102
关键词： 阴离子交换膜； 尺寸稳定性； 离子传导率； 燃料电池
DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2026.03.003
分类号： O631.6
出版年,卷(期):页码： 2026, 46(3):22-30

摘要：

针对当前阴离子交换膜燃料电池对兼具高化学稳定性与高效氢氧根离子传导能力膜材料的迫切需求，本工作旨在制备一类基于刚性芳香骨架与季铵化功能位点的新型阴离子交换膜。以三联苯、N-甲基-4-哌啶酮与吲哚-2，3-二酮为反应单体，在二氯甲烷溶剂中通过三氟乙酸/三氟甲磺酸催化的缩合聚合反应，制备出主链含“三联苯-哌啶”与“三联苯-吲哚”结构的无规共聚物。随后通过碘甲烷对该共聚物进行季铵化改性，引入季铵基团，最终获得兼具刚性芳香主链与离子传导位点的聚合物电解质膜。所制备的QPTIDP-50膜在80 ℃条件下的离子传导率达到了101.98 mS/cm，其溶胀率仅为20.17%，展现出良好的尺寸稳定性。本研究通过分子结构设计，制备了具有良好稳定性、较高离子传导率的无醚键阴离子交换膜，明确了刚性单体含量调控下膜材料结构与性能的构效关系，为阴离子交换膜燃料电池用高性能膜材料的设计开发提供了重要参考。

In response to the current urgent demand for membrane materials that possess both high chemical stability and efficient hydrogen-oxygen ion conductivity for anion exchange membrane fuel cells, this work aims to prepare a novel type of anion exchange membrane based on a rigid aromatic framework and quaternary ammonium functional sites. Random copolymers with “terphenyl-piperidine” and “terphenyl-indole” structures in the main chain were prepared by condensation polymerization of terphenyl, N-methyl-4-piperidone and indole-2,3-dione in dichloromethane solvent catalyzed by trifluoroacetic acid/trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Subsequently, the copolymer was quaternized with methyl iodide to introduce quaternary ammonium groups. Finally, functional polymer featuring both a rigid aromatic backbone and ion-conducting sites was obtained. The ion conductivity of the prepared QPTIDP-50 membrane reached 101.98 mS/cm at 80 ℃, with a swelling ratio of 20.17%, demonstrating good dimensional stability. In this study, ether-free anion exchange membranes with good stability and high ionic conductivity were prepared through molecular structure design. The structure-performance relationship of the membrane material under the regulation of rigid monomer content was clarified, providing an important reference for the design and development of high performance membrane materials for anion exchange membrane fuel cells. 

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金（52473205，U24A20505）； 吉林省自然科学基金（YDZJ202501ZYTS336）

作者简介：
第一作者简介： 刘治灼（2000-），男，吉林松原人，硕士，主要研究方向为阴离子交换膜.*通讯作者,徐晶美，E-mail：xujingmei@ccutedu.cn；王哲，E-mail：wangzhe@ ccut.edu.cn

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