高脱硼海水淡化聚酰胺复合反渗透膜的研究进展
作者： 杨兴胜*， 宋颖， 康燕， 吴宗策， 金焱
单位： 沃顿科技股份有限公司， 贵阳 550014
关键词： 海水淡化； 反渗透膜； 聚酰胺； 脱硼
DOI号： 10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2026.03.021
分类号： P747; TQ031.2; TQ316
出版年,卷(期):页码： 2026, 46(3):218-232

摘要：

随着全球淡水危机日益严峻，反渗透膜法海水淡化技术已成为获取淡水资源的关键途径，但其核心聚酰胺复合反渗透膜对海水中的中性硼酸分子脱除率偏低，难以满足饮用水与灌溉用水标准。本文概述了聚酰胺复合反渗透膜脱硼率偏低的关键物理或化学限制因素；系统综述了提升聚酰胺复合反渗透膜脱硼率的五类主要策略，包括界面聚合工艺优化、引入新型功能单体、二次界面聚合、引入功能填料以及表面后处理改性等；分析了各种策略的机理、性能改善效果与局限性；最后，总结了当前高脱硼聚酰胺复合反渗透膜制备策略的不足之处，展望了未来制备高脱硼聚酰胺复合反渗透膜的可能路径。以期为高脱硼聚酰胺复合反渗透膜的研发提供参考。

With the increasingly severe global freshwater crisis, reverse osmosis(RO) seawater desalination has become a critical pathway for obtaining freshwater resources. However,the thin-film composite polyamide membranes, as the core of this technology, generally exhibit low removal rates for neutral boric acid molecules in seawater, making it difficult to meet stringent standards for drinking and irrigation water. This paper first outlines the key physical and chemical limiting factors for the low boron rejection rate of RO membranes, then it systematically reviews five main strategies for enhancing the boron rejection performance of RO membranes, including the optimization of interfacial polymerization processes, introduction of novel functional monomers, secondary interfacial polymerization, incorporation of functional fillers, and surface post-treatment modification. The mechanisms, performance improvements, and limitations of each strategy are analyzed. Finally, the shortcomings of current strategies for preparing high-boron-rejection membranes are summarized, and potential future pathways for developing such membranes are proposed. This review aims to provide a reference for the research and development of high-boron-rejection reverse osmosis membranes.

基金项目：

作者简介：
第一作者简介： 杨兴胜（1987-），男，贵州凯里人，高级工程师，硕士，主要研究方向为反渗透膜开发与性能研究.*通讯作者，E-mail：yangxingsheng@vontron.com

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